HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor Module

The HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor Module is a compact, versatile sensor that offers non-contact distance measurement functionality. This device uses ultrasonic sound waves to detect objects within its path, making it an ideal solution for a wide range of applications such as robotics, obstacle avoidance systems, distance measurement projects, and automatic room light control systems.

Key Features:

1. Operating Voltage: Typically ranges between 5V DC, making it compatible with most microcontrollers and development boards.
2. Measuring Range: Offers a broad detection range from 2cm to 400cm (about 0.79 inches to 13 feet), providing accurate and reliable distance measurements within this spectrum.
3. Resolution: High resolution of up to 0.3cm, allowing for precise distance measurements.
4. Ultrasonic Frequency: Operates at a frequency of 40kHz, ensuring effective performance in distance sensing without interference from ambient noise.
5. Easy to Use: Features a simple four-pin interface (VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND) for connecting to a microcontroller, such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or any other that supports digital input/output.
6. Low Power Consumption: Designed to be energy efficient, it draws minimal power, making it suitable for battery-operated projects.
7. Trigger & Echo Signals: Utilizes a trigger signal to send out ultrasonic pulses and an echo signal to receive the bounce back from detected objects, calculating distance based on the time interval between sending and receiving these signals.

Applications:

• Robotics: For navigating and avoiding obstacles without contact.
• Security Systems: To detect the presence of intruders or movements.
• Automotive Parking Sensors: Assisting in measuring the distance between vehicles and obstacles.
• Level Measurement: For non-invasive measurement of liquid levels in tanks.
• People Counting: In entrances/exits for counting the number of people passing by.

How It Works:

The HC-SR04 sensor module operates by emitting a high-frequency ultrasonic sound pulse from its transmitter. This pulse travels through the air and, if an object is within range, bounces back to the module. The onboard electronics then calculate the time difference between the sound wave being sent and the sound wave returning. Since the speed of sound is known, this time difference allows the HC-SR04 to calculate the distance to the object with high accuracy.

In Conclusion: The HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor Module is a reliable, cost-effective solution for distance measurement and object detection needs. Its ease of use, coupled with its accuracy and low power consumption, makes it an excellent choice for hobbyists, educators, and professionals alike looking to incorporate distance sensing capabilities into their projects.

Datasheet